How Did Bartholomew Die
Pretty gross, right? But there are other records of his death, too.
Foxes Book of Martyrs claims that in India, He was at length cruelly beaten and then crucified by the impatient idolaters.
The Golden Legend notes several accounts:
There be divers opinions of the manner of his passion. For the blessed Dorotheus saith that he was crucified, and saith also: Bartholomew preached to men of India, and delivered to them the gospel after Matthew in their proper tongue. He died in Alban, a city of great Armenia, crucified the head downward. St. Theoderus saith that he was flayed, and it is read in many books that he was beheaded only. And this contrariety may be assoiled in this manner, that some say that he was crucified and was taken down ere he died, and for to have greater torment he was flayed and at the last beheaded.
Another tradition claims he was beaten unconscious and drowned in the ocean.
However Bartholomew died, it was probably pretty gruesome. But while they may not agree on the manner of his death, all of the traditions connect Bartholomews death to his ministry. Now, if only they could all agree on where that was.
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Apostles Peter Andrew James And John
The first group of four apostles was Jesus inner group. They became His followers shortly after the beginning of His ministry. John 1:35-42 records the occasion on which they responded to Jesus by believing in Him that He was the promised Messiah. Jesus asked them to follow Him three times. The first time was after they believed. The second time occurred when they were fishing and the third time occurred after another time of fishing . On that occasion they finally left everything and followed Jesus. At least three of them were invited to join Jesus when He raised Jairus daughter from the dead . Jesus also invited only Peter, James, and John to join Him on the Mount of Transfiguration . All four privately asked Jesus questions on the Mount of Olives . Peter, James, and John were asked to wait for Jesus while He prayed in the Garden of Gethsemane . Lastly, Peter and John were in discussion with Jesus prior to His departure to heaven . John was the disciple Jesus asked to care for His mother . It should be noted that James and John had the same father, Zebedee and Peter and Andrew were brothers . These men were part of Jesus inner group.
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The Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter
Saint PeterVasco Fernandes
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints teaches that Peter was the first leader of the early Christian church after the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. While the Church accepts apostolic succession from Peter, it rejects papal successors as illegitimate. Joseph Smith, the founder of Mormonism, recorded in multiple revelations that the resurrected Peter appeared to him and Oliver Cowdery in 1829, near Harmony Township, Susquehanna County, Pennsylvania, in order to bestow the apostleship and keys of the kingdom as part of a restoration of priesthood authority.
In interpreting Matthew 16:1319, Latter-day Saint leader Bruce R. McConkie stated, “The things of God are known only by the power of his Spirit,” and “that which the world calls Mormonism is based upon the rock of revelation.” In his April 1981 general conference address, McConkie identified the rock of which Jesus spoke as the rock of revelation: “There is no other foundation upon which the Lord could build His Church and kingdom. …Revelation: Pure, perfect, personal revelationthis is the rock!”
Was Peter Crucified Upside Down
SeanMcDowell.org
Perhaps the most common claim regarding the martyrdom of Peter is that he was crucified upside down. As the story goes, Peter refused to be crucified upwards as his master Jesus, and so he requested an upside-down death. And the Romans were more than happy to oblige.
As I demonstrate in my recent book The Fate of the Apostles, the historical evidence for the martyrdom of Peter is quite convincing. From the first century onward, the unanimous testimony is that Peter died as a martyr . And given both the early reference in John 21:18 and that crucifixion was a common form of punishment for slaves and non-Roman citizens, the crucifixion of Peter is historically likely as well. But what about the claim he was crucified upside down?
The first record of the upside down crucifixion of Peter is found in The Acts of Peter, a late second century apocryphal text . The Acts of Peter is filled with legendary material, such as Peter raising a tuna fish and Simon Magus flying through the air. And yet it does contain a historical core. Christine Thomas writes, The mere fact that externally attested first-century individuals appear as protagonists in the pages of the Acts of Peter is sufficient to show that these narratives were not fictions completely divorced from historical memory.
Still, while its possible the tradition of Peters upside-down crucifixion preserves an actual memory of his fate, the historical evidence is simply inconclusive.
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How Did Thomas Die
The Acts of Thomas says he was martyred in Mylapore, India, where he was stabbed with spears. Syrian Christian tradition specifies Thomas was martyred in Mylapore on July 3, 72 AD, noting that he was killed with a spear. An early ecclesiastical calendar entry reads:
3 July, St. Thomas who was pierced with a lance in India.
No other tradition exists regarding his death.
How Did Jude Die
According to The Golden Legend, Simon and Jude command demons to come out of idols and destroy their own images. Then the religious leaders kill Simon and Jude:
And when the bishops saw this, they ran upon the apostles and hewed them to death anon. And that same hour, which was right fair weather, came so great thunder and lightning that the temple was smitten in three, and the two enchanters were turned into coals by the stroke of thunder. And the king bare the bodies of the apostles into his city, and did do make a church of marvellous greatness in the honour of them.
In art, Jude is often portrayed holding an axe to represent this tradition.
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How Did John Die
Before Jesus died, he entrusted his mother Mary to the beloved disciple , who is most widely believed to be John.
When Mary died, John allegedly went to Ephesus, where he wrote his three epistles. From there, he was exiled to the island of Patmos for preaching the gospel, where he received the revelation from Christ and wrote the Book of Revelation. Eventually, he made it back to Ephesus and died an ordinary death sometime after 98 AD.
Tertullian, a Christian writer from the late second and early third century, wrote that before the Romans banished John, they brought him into a coliseum and dunked him in a vat of boiling oil. When he emerged unharmed, the entire coliseum converted to Christianity. This is why some iconography shows John in a vat of boiling oil.
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The Determination Of Herod To Destroy The Church
Now about that time Herod the king laid hands on some who belonged to the church, in order to mistreat236 them. 2 And he had James the brother of John put to death237 with a sword.238 3 And when he saw that it pleased the Jews,239 he proceeded to arrest Peter also. Now it was during the days of the Feast of Unleavened Bread. 4 And when he had seized him, he put him in prison, delivering him to four squads of soldiers to guard him, intending after the Passover to bring him out before the people. 5 So Peter was kept in the prison, but prayer for him was being made fervently by the church to God.
The time of these events can be fairly tightly determined, because we know that Herod died in AD 44. Luke, however, links the timing of these events to the surrounding context. The arrest and escape of Peter came some time after his visit to the house of Cornelius and his return to Jerusalem, at which point the purpose of God to save the Gentiles was acknowledged by the Jerusalem church . His arrest and escape also took place shortly before the first missionary campaign of the church at Antioch , aimed at reaching both Jews and Gentiles. Specifically, Peters brush with Herod came between the time the world-wide famine was prophesied and the time Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem, after delivering the collection of the saints at Antioch to the church in Judea .
So Peter was kept in the prison, but prayer for him was being made fervently by the church to God .
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Did Peter Die By Crucifixion
The first indication of Peter dying by crucifixion comes directly from these verses in John. According to historical records, Peter died in Rome in AD 64 and he died under the reign of Emperor Nero. By the time Peter died in AD 64 many of the other apostles, possibly all of them, except for John had been martyred.
How Did Andrew Die
Peters brother Andrew allegedly suffered a similar death, but the origin of this tradition isnt as reliable.
According to tradition, Andrew was martyred by crucifixion in the Greek city of Patras around 60 AD. Like his brother, Peter, Andrew didnt consider himself worthy to die in the same way as Jesus, and so he was boundnot nailedto a cross which was hung in an X shape instead of a T. For this reason, an X-shaped cross is sometimes referred to as Saint Andrews Cross.
Unfortunately, the origin of this narrative isnt exactly trustworthy. It comes from an apocryphal book called Acts of Andrew, which also includes numerous supernatural accounts of Andrews miraclesincluding a claim that he preached for three days straight as he hung on the crossand it didnt emerge until decades, maybe even centuries after his death.
According to Acts of Andrew, part of Andrews three-day sermon involved praising the cross as a symbol of Christs beautiful redemption:
The early church was rightfully suspicious of Acts of Andrew, but it seems that church tradition supported a similar account of his death. In the entry for Andrew, Foxes Book of Martyrs says:
He preached the gospel to many Asiatic nations but on his arrival at Edessa he was taken and crucified on a cross, the two ends of which were fixed transversely in the ground. Hence the derivation of the term, St. Andrews Cross.
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Was Peter At The Crucifixion
First leader of the early Church. The Gospels and Acts portray Peter as the most prominent apostle, though he denied Jesus three times during the events of the crucifixion. According to the Christian tradition, Peter was the first disciple to whom Jesus appeared, balancing Peters denial and restoring his position.
Peter Showed The World Non
The significance of Acts 10 through Acts 11:18 cannot be understated. After a vision, Peter went to the house of a Gentile named Cornelius. At this time, it was against our law for a Jew to associate with or visit a Gentile. . Yet, knowing what the Lord wanted, Peter led Cornelius and his family to Christ and witnessed them receiving the Holy Spirit. Peter then baptized the family in the name of Jesus.
Peter is questioned about this by the Jewish believers. He told them his story, saying, if God gave them the same gift he gave us who believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I to think that I could stand in Gods way? .
Because of Peters faithfulness, the Jewish Christians responded by having no further objections and praised God saying, So then, even to the Gentiles God has granted repentance that leads to life. .
Isnt it amazing? God wanted to be sure the whole world knew that when He gave His life for all, He meant for all. And He used Peter to make this clear, to show us just how big His love is and just how capable His grace isthat it can forgive the sins of all and give all everlasting life. For as the book of Romans 3:22-24 states, This righteousness is given through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe. There is no difference between Jew and Gentile, for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and all are justified freely by his grace through the redemption that came by Christ Jesus.
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In The Gospels Jesus Gives Peter A New Name And From Then On He Is Known As Cephas Or Petros The Name Means Rock After Jesus Crucifixion And Resurrection Peter Became The Leader Of The Church And Is Mentioned Often In Acts And Other New Testament Books
Peters name means rock, and Jesus called him the rock of the Church. Many of us can identify with Peter, a man who wanted to follow Christ but stumbled along the way. The Bible tells us that after Jesus crucifixion and resurrection, he made Peter the leader of the church and is mentioned often in Acts and other New Testament books.
Peter was crucified upside down because he considered himself unworthy to die in the same manner as Christ.
Who Was St Peter
In Christian tradition, St. Peter was one of the 12 Apostles of Jesus. Roman Catholic tradition holds that Jesus established St. Peter as the first pope . Jesus also gave him the keys of the kingdom of heaven , which is why he is often depicted at the gates of heaven in art and popular culture. After Jesus death, he served as the head of the Apostles and was the first to perform a miracle after Pentecost . The two Letters of Peter in the Bible are attributed to his authorship, though some scholars dispute this.
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The Return Of Barnabas And Saul
And Barnabas and Saul returned from Jerusalem when they had fulfilled their mission, taking along with them John, who was also called Mark.
Luke has set the death of James and the deliverance of Peter in the midst of the offering of the saints of Antioch to the saints in Judea. Just prior to chapter 12 we are told that the offering was sent with Barnabas and Saul , and the last verse of our chapter reports the return of Barnabas and Saul to Antioch, accompanied by John Mark. The death of James and the deliverance of Peter are surely meant to be understood in conjunction with the surrounding context. In our conclusion we shall seek to learn what Luke is telling us.
How Did Peter Die
The first indication of Peter dying by crucifixion comes directly from these verses in John. According to historical records, Peter died in Rome in AD 64 and he died under the reign of Emperor Nero. By the time Peter died in AD 64 many of the other apostles, possibly all of them, except for John had been martyred. While the time and place of his death are certain, the manner of his death, mainly being crucified upside down is not as certain. Here is what the website Evidence for Christianity wrote about this:
The early church fathers are unanimous in claiming that Peter died in Rome, by crucifixion, during the persecution of Nero in AD 64. As for crucifixion upside down, that is also testified to, but the evidence is weaker for this particular form of crucifixion. The apocryphal Acts of Peter is the earliest reference to crucifixion of Peter upside down.
There were other early church writers who testified to Peter dying in Rome but there is not as much evidence to support that Peter died by being crucified upside down. While we know he died a martyr we will have to place the fact of him dying upside down in the category of could be true but not sure if it is true.
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How Did Philip Die
Very early on, Christians confused Philip the Apostle with Philip the Evangelist from the Book of Acts. So we cant say for sure which accounts are referring to which Philip. To make matters worse, there are conflicting stories.
Basically, we dont know how Philip died. But there are plenty of possibilities. One record says he died of natural causes. Another says he was beheaded. Or stoned to death. Or crucified upside down. What we do know is that he died sometime in the first century, possibly around 80 AD.
Most of the earliest traditions seem to point to him being martyred in the ancient Greek city of Hierapolis. Polycrates of Ephesus wrote in a letter to Pope Victor, I speak of Philip, one of the twelve apostles, who is laid to rest at Hierapolis. . .
Caius the Presbyter wrote: And after this there were four prophetesses, daughters of Philip, at Hierapolis in Asia. Their tomb is there, and that, too, of their father. But this appears to be talking about Philip the Evangelist, who had four unmarried daughters, who prophesied . Its unlikely that both Philips had four prophesying daughters.